1.
From what I've read, Muslim scholars accept that Prophet Muhammad didn't sin but he was capable of making mistakes.
Logically, the "prophet of God the most merciful" should be capable of killing someone if it means protecting others from that someone. In the event that killing is the only option to stop a person who is going to cause death and destruction, or create an effective deterrent against such damage - is it merciful to not kill?
Prophet Muhammad was, aside from being a Prophet of God, a normal human being. He could've needed marriage as much as a normal human being does.
2.
Such is the concept of free-will.
3.
Muslims believe that all humans accepted to go through this test before the beginning of this reality.
Individual humans have to try their best in order to find the truth. If after exhausting all resources, a person still does not find Islam acceptable then this will be taken into account on the day of judgement. What matters is whether a person makes a sincere effort in his query for the truth or does he lives his entire life continuing to ignore his conscience.
If "solid obvious evidence" were to be provided, everyone would be a Muslim and what would then be tested from them?
4.
According to some scholars, God created us to give humanity the opportunity to join Him in eternity.
There is no evidence that God needs us, and frankly I'm always confused regarding the train of thought which forces a person to ask such a question. So... there is a God who has created the entire Universe, but He must need lowly humans? Need them for what, exactly?
5.
Some religious people might close their eyes when science appears to refute religion, but not all of them do so.
Regarding intelligent people, aside from the fact that this is the appeal to authority and bandwagon fallacy, this is also used as a convenient cop-out, used as an excuse to not fulfil one's own personal responsibility to search for the truth.
If "intelligent people" spend most of their lives researching the subjects of science and not those of religion, how exactly are their inferences regarding religion acceptable, or even relevant for that matter?