السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
So now, we covered family relationships. Now we will go on to the plurals of these members. Also formulas about the plural forms of most words will be taught.
So mother was اُمٌّ in Arabic. The plural form of mother (mothers) is اُمَّهَاتٌ.
Fathers in Arabic is اٰبَاءٌ.
Brothers: اِخْوَةٌ
Sisters: اَخَوَاتٌ
Paternal Uncles: اَعْمَامٌ
Paternal Aunts: عَمَّاتٌ
Maternal Uncles: اَخْوَالٌ
Maternal Aunts: خَالَاتٌ
Sons: اَبْنَاءٌ
Daughters: بَنَاتٌ
Brother's sons (nephews): اَبْنَاءُ الْاَخِ
Brother's daughters (nieces): بَنَاتُ الْاَخِ
Sister's sons (nephews): اَبْنَاءُ الْاُخْتِ
Sister's daughters (nieces): بَنَاتُ الْاُخْتِ
Paternal cousin brothers (father's brother's sons): اَبْنَاءُ الْعَمِّ
Paternal cousin sisters (father's brother's daughters): بَنَاتُ الْعَمِّ
Paternal cousin brothers (father's sister's sons): اَبْنَاءُ الْعَمَّةِ
Paternal cousin sisters (father's sister's daughters): بَنَاتُ الْعَمَّةِ
Maternal cousin brothers (mother's brother's sons): اَبْنَاءُ الْخَالِ
Maternal cousin sisters (mother's brother's daughters): بَنَاتُ الْخَالِ
Maternal cousin brothers (mother's sister's sons): اَبْنَاءُ الْخَالَةِ
Maternal cousin sisters (mother's sister's daughters): بَنَاتُ الْخَالَةِ
Grandfathers: اَجْدَادٌ
Grandmothers: جَدَّاتٌ
Grandsons: اَحْفَادٌ
Granddaughters: حَفِيْدَاتٌ
Husbands: اَزْوَاجٌ
Wives: زَوْجَاتٌ
Sons- or brothers-in-law: اَصْهَارٌ
Daughters- or sisters-in-law: كَنَائِنُ
Mothers-in-law: حَمَوَاتٌ
Fathers-in-law: اَحْمَاءٌ
Full-blood brothers: اَشِقَّاءُ
Full-blood sisters: شَقِيْقَاتٌ
Other Ways to Say Certain Words
Fathers: وَالِدَانِ
Mothers: وَالِدَاتٌ
Sons: اَوْلَادٌ
Daughters: بَنَاتٌ
Husbands: بُعُوْلٌ
Wives: عَقِيْلَاتٌ
So now, we went over all the family relationships mentioned here and made them plural. Now some rules about plurals will be discussed.
So for male members of the family, the rule of the plural form for them most of the time is that an alif should be added before the singular word. For example خَالٌ, which means maternal uncle, its plural form will be اَخْوَالٌ as listed earlier. Notice how an alif got added in اَخْوَالٌ. That's what I mean. Also, some masculine words in some cases may have another plural. For example, اِبْنٌ, which means son, can be بَنُوْنٌ instead of اَبْنَاءٌ. This type of plural has a waaw and noon added to the later part of the word. However, this is only in the nominative case. In the accusative and genitive cases, a yaa instead of a waaw is added with the noon, so it would be بنين instead of بنون. These cases may be mentioned in this board one day, if Allah wills.
As for feminine plurals, most of the time an alif (as a madd letter) and taa is added at the end of the word. For example, how خَالَةٌ, which means maternal aunt, turns into خَالَاتٌ in the plural. Notice how the alif and taa are added.
Now this is enough for today.
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